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Grant Proposal Writing: The Complete Guide for Masters and PhD Researchers in Africa
Tobit Research Consulting | Research Funding & Proposal Development Series | Reading time: ~18 minutes
What you will learn: What a grant proposal actually is and why most get rejected, how to structure every section of a competitive research proposal from background to budget, what reviewers are really looking for at each stage, how to write a problem statement that compels funding, how to build and justify a budget that survives scrutiny, the specific challenges African researchers face in the funding landscape, and the practical checklist you need before your next submission.
Research funding is, in every meaningful sense, the oxygen of postgraduate scholarship. Without it, the most compelling research questions remain unanswered, the most capable researchers remain invisible, and the most urgent problems affecting communities across Kenya and Africa continue unaddressed. And yet, for many Masters and PhD students in Africa, the process of writing a grant proposal remains one of the least taught and most feared aspects of their academic journey.
The statistics are sobering. Across major international funding bodies, the average grant proposal success rate hovers around 10% — meaning that roughly nine out of every ten submissions are rejected. At the US National Science Foundation, which funds between 22% and 28% of proposals in a typical year, over 32,000 proposals were declined in FY 2025 alone. But here is the important nuance that most rejection letters do not tell you: most proposals do not fail because the research idea is bad. They fail because the proposal does not do its job.
A grant proposal is not simply a description of your research. It is a persuasive document — a carefully structured argument that convinces a reviewer, committee, or funder that your research addresses a real and significant problem, that you have the knowledge and capacity to execute it, that your methodology is sound, and that their investment of funds will produce outcomes worth more than the cost. Understanding this distinction is the first step toward writing proposals that succeed.
At Tobit Research Consulting, we have worked closely with postgraduate students and lecturers across Kenya preparing research proposals for university internal grants, regional research councils, and international funding bodies. This guide draws on that experience — and on real examples from the Kenyan academic research context — to give you a complete, practical, and honest picture of what winning grant proposals look like and how to write one.
1. What Is a Grant Proposal, and Who Reviews It?
A grant proposal is a formal written request submitted to a funding body — whether a university, a research council, a government agency, a non-governmental organisation, or an international foundation — asking for financial resources to carry out a defined research project. In the African postgraduate context, the most common types are internal university research grants (such as the Kisii University Internal Research Grant model), national research council grants, and bilateral or multilateral funding from bodies like the National Research Foundation (NRF) of South Africa, the Africa Research Excellence Fund (AREF), and international agencies such as the Wellcome Trust, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, and the World Bank Research Programme.
Understanding who reviews your proposal shapes how you write it. In most academic grant systems, proposals are evaluated by a panel of reviewers — typically academics with expertise in related fields — who score your submission against a structured set of criteria. Common evaluation dimensions include the significance and originality of the research problem, the quality and feasibility of the research design, the qualifications of the research team, the clarity and realism of the budget, the potential for impact, and alignment with the funder’s stated priorities.
The fundamental rule of grant writing: The reviewer is a busy expert who has read dozens of proposals this week. Your job is to make it impossible for them to say no — by making the problem undeniably real, the solution clearly achievable, and the investment obviously worthwhile. Everything in your proposal must serve that purpose.
One critical insight from Dr. JPR Ochieng Odero, a research entomologist who has led three major research funding facilities in Africa, is that winning proposals share a single underlying quality: they tell a compelling story. The story identifies a real problem, demonstrates why it matters, shows that this research team has the unique capacity to address it, and makes the case for why this particular funder is the right partner for that work. Technical quality alone is not enough — the proposal must communicate.
2. The Anatomy of a Competitive Research Proposal
While specific formats vary across institutions and funders, competitive research proposals share a common structural logic. The sections below represent the standard architecture of a well-designed grant proposal, based on the format used by internal Kenyan university grants and aligned with international best practice.
Section 1
Applicant and Team Details
Your proposal begins with formal identification: names, qualifications, institutional affiliation, contact details, and — for team proposals — the composition of your research group. For academic grant panels, the composition of the team signals credibility. Multidisciplinary teams are specifically encouraged by many university internal grants, including Kenya’s public university research offices, because complex research problems rarely yield to a single disciplinary lens. Your team section is not a formality — it is your first opportunity to establish that the right people are in place to deliver this research.
Section 2
Project Title, Area of Specialisation, and Keywords
Your title should be specific, descriptive, and engaging — not a vague topic label but a precise statement of what the study investigates, in what context, and through what means. Keywords are not decorative; they determine how your proposal is categorised, assigned to reviewers, and indexed for future reference. Choose keywords that precisely identify your subject area, your methodology, and your study context. For Kenyan researchers, including geographic and institutional context in your keywords helps position your proposal within the relevant literature and signals local relevance to nationally funded grants.
Section 3
Background, Problem Statement, and Justification
This is the most important section of your proposal. It is where you establish that the problem is real, significant, and currently unaddressed in ways your research can resolve. We dedicate a full section of this guide to writing it effectively.
Section 4
Theoretical Framework
Your theoretical framework establishes the intellectual scaffolding of your study — the lens through which you will interpret your data and situate your findings within existing knowledge. Reviewers use this section to evaluate your scholarly depth and the coherence of your conceptual thinking. A weak or absent theoretical framework is one of the clearest signals that a proposal is not yet ready for funding.
Section 5
Objectives, Research Questions, and Hypotheses
Your objectives must be specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound. Each objective should correspond directly to a component of your methodology, a section of your data collection instruments, and a set of expected outputs. Misalignment between objectives and methodology is one of the most common and most damaging weaknesses reviewers identify in early-career proposals.
Section 6
Expected Outputs and Potential Impact
Funders — including university internal grant committees — need to understand what they are getting for their investment. Expected outputs should be concrete, realistic, and directly traceable to your objectives: publications, datasets, policy briefs, trained students, community interventions, or technology artefacts. Do not confuse outputs (what you will produce) with outcomes (what will change as a result) or impact (the longer-term significance). Reviewers notice this distinction.
Section 7
Research Design and Methodology
Your methodology must demonstrate that your approach is appropriate to your research questions, feasible within your resource constraints, and rigorous enough to produce defensible findings. This section will be scrutinised by technically expert reviewers who will probe for weaknesses in your sampling strategy, data collection instruments, analytical approach, and ethical protections.
Section 8
Action Plan and Timeline
A credible action plan demonstrates that you have thought concretely about how the research will be implemented — not just what you will study. Phase your activities logically, assign realistic timeframes, identify key milestones, and show that your team’s capacity matches the scope of work you are proposing. Reviewers are skilled at spotting timelines that are too compressed to be credible.
Section 9
Budget and Budget Justification
Your budget must be transparent, realistic, and precisely justified. Every line item must connect to a specific activity described in your methodology or action plan. Unexplained or unjustified budget lines are treated as either poor planning or financial dishonesty — neither of which inspires confidence in a funding panel.
3. Writing the Problem Statement: The Section That Wins or Loses Funding
Of every section in a research proposal, the background and problem statement is the one that most consistently determines whether a proposal is funded or declined. It is the section reviewers read first, and it is the section that shapes every judgment they make about the rest of the document. A reviewer who is not convinced by your problem statement will approach your methodology with scepticism, your budget with suspicion, and your expected outputs with diminished enthusiasm.
The problem statement must accomplish three things simultaneously: it must demonstrate that the problem is real and significant, that the existing literature has not fully resolved it, and that your proposed research is the logical next step. This requires more than a list of statistics about the problem area — it requires an argument.
The Architecture of a Compelling Problem Statement
- Establish the domain and its significance. Open with a clear statement of the research domain and its importance — economic, social, policy, or scientific. Ground this in credible data from authoritative sources. For research in Kenya, this means citing bodies such as KNBS, KIPPRA, the Central Bank of Kenya, or relevant government policy frameworks like Vision 2030 and the Big Four Agenda. Reviewers expect to see that you understand the national context of your research.
- Quantify the problem. Abstract descriptions of challenges are weaker than specific, data-grounded claims. If you are studying SME access to finance in rural Kenya, the argument that “only about 20% of SMEs have access to formal credit” — sourced from the World Bank — is significantly more compelling than “SMEs face financial challenges.” Use numbers, rates, and proportions wherever the evidence allows.
- Identify the gap that your research will fill. Your problem statement must explain what is missing in the existing knowledge base — not just that the problem exists, but that a specific dimension of the problem remains under-researched, misunderstood, or unanswered. This is the gap your proposal steps into. Be precise: a gap framed as “little research has examined digital platform-based micro-lending among rural SMEs in Western Kenya” is more fundable than “SME finance needs more study.”
- Connect explicitly to policy and development frameworks. In the African research funding environment, especially for national and regional grants, alignment with government policy priorities and development frameworks significantly strengthens proposals. SDG 8 (decent work and economic growth), Kenya’s Vision 2030, the National SME Credit Guarantee Scheme, or sector-specific government strategies are all legitimate anchors for your problem justification. This signals that your research has application beyond the academy.
- End with a precise statement of the problem your research addresses. The final paragraph of your problem statement should leave no ambiguity about what your research is doing and why it is necessary right now. It should feel like the natural conclusion of the argument you have built — not a topic announced at the beginning.
✍️ Example: From a Kenyan Internal University Grant Proposal
“Despite SMEs accounting for approximately 98% of all businesses in Kenya and contributing 33.8% of GDP (Central Bank of Kenya, 2021), only about 20% have access to formal credit (World Bank, 2019). The National Treasury reports that most start-up enterprises do not survive their fourth year due to financial constraints, unfavourable credit terms, and high collateral requirements. While significant government interventions — including the SME Credit Guarantee Scheme (2020) and the Women and Youth Enterprise Funds — have been implemented, digital platform-based solutions that integrate financial access, market connectivity, and business management support for rural SMEs remain understudied. This proposal addresses that gap by developing and evaluating a digital platform designed specifically for the conditions facing rural entrepreneurs in Kenya.”
The reviewer test: After reading your problem statement, a reviewer should be able to answer these three questions without searching through the rest of your proposal: What is the specific problem? Why does it matter? Why hasn’t it been solved yet? If your statement cannot answer all three clearly, revise before submitting.
4. Objectives, Theoretical Framework, and Research Questions
These three components form the intellectual spine of your proposal. Together, they answer the fundamental questions a reviewer is asking: What are you trying to find out? How are you thinking about the problem? And what specific answers are you seeking?
Objectives
Research objectives must be specific and action-oriented — they should begin with active verbs: to examine, to assess, to develop, to compare, to evaluate, to determine. Each objective corresponds to a specific phase of your methodology, a specific data collection instrument, and a specific expected output. When a reviewer reads your objectives and then turns to your methodology, the correspondence must be unmistakeable. Proposals where the methodology does not align with the stated objectives are among the most common failures observed by experienced grant reviewers.
Alignment test: For every objective you write, ask yourself: Is there a data collection activity that directly addresses this objective? Is there an analysis method that will produce findings on this objective? Is there an expected output or deliverable that corresponds to this objective? If any answer is no, revise the objective or the methodology until alignment is achieved.
Theoretical Framework
Your theoretical framework is not a summary of interesting theories in your field. It is a reasoned explanation of the specific conceptual lens through which your research will interpret its findings — and a justification for why that lens is the most appropriate one for your research problem and context.
Strong proposals show that the researcher has chosen their theoretical framework deliberately. The Resource-Based View and Diffusion of Innovation Theory, for example, are not merely cited as background reading — they are used to explain why digital platform adoption will produce competitive advantage for rural SMEs, and how innovation diffusion patterns will shape the uptake trajectory. Each theory is mapped to specific research objectives, and the combination of frameworks is justified by the complexity of the research problem.
Reviewers assess theoretical frameworks on three dimensions: relevance (does it fit this research problem?), depth (does the applicant genuinely understand it?), and application (is it actually being used to drive the research, or just cited for appearance?).
Research Questions
Your research questions should flow logically from your problem statement and directly operationalise your objectives. Each objective should generate one or two specific research questions. Avoid research questions that are too broad to be answerable (“How does digital technology affect SMEs?”) and too narrow to be significant (“How many respondents own a smartphone?”). The best research questions sit in a productive middle ground — specific enough to be answerable through your proposed methodology, significant enough to generate findings that extend the knowledge base.
5. Research Design and Methodology: What Reviewers Actually Want
The methodology section is where your proposal is stress-tested. Reviewers approach this section as expert critics: they are looking for weaknesses in your design, gaps in your sampling logic, instruments that do not match your research questions, and analytical methods that cannot produce the findings you are claiming. A proposal that survives this scrutiny earns the confidence of the panel. One that does not is unlikely to receive funding regardless of how compelling the problem statement was.
| Methodology Component |
What Reviewers Look For |
Common Weaknesses to Avoid |
| Research Design |
Clear justification for quantitative, qualitative, or mixed methods; alignment with research questions |
Choosing a design without explaining why it fits the research problem |
| Population and Sampling |
Clear target population, realistic sample size, justified sampling method |
Vague or unjustifiably small samples; no justification for the sampling strategy used |
| Data Collection Instruments |
Instruments aligned to each objective; pilot testing mentioned; instrument design logic explained |
Generic instruments copied from previous studies; no link between instrument items and research objectives |
| Data Analysis Methods |
Specific methods named (e.g. SPSS, thematic analysis, regression); explanation of how they address research questions |
“Data will be analysed statistically” — no specifics; methods that do not match the data type collected |
| Ethical Considerations |
Informed consent process, confidentiality, data protection, vulnerable participant considerations |
No mention of ethics; generic statements without specifics relevant to this study population |
| Validity and Reliability |
How you will ensure the quality and rigour of your data and findings |
No mention of how methodological quality will be maintained or verified |
The most dangerous weakness in methodology sections: Many proposals present a methodology that is technically sound but completely disconnected from the specific context of the study. Rural SME research in Kenya has specific access challenges, infrastructural constraints, language considerations, and community trust dynamics that generic methodology descriptions ignore. Reviewers who know the field will notice — and downgrade accordingly.
6. Budgeting: How to Build and Justify a Funding Request
Budgeting is one of the most critical and most poorly executed sections in research proposals, particularly among early-career researchers. Expert grant reviewers consistently report that the single most common fatal budget error is failing to align the budget with the project narrative — when reviewers see budget items that have no corresponding activity in the methodology, or activities described in the methodology with no corresponding budget line, confidence in the applicant’s project management capacity collapses.
Principles for Sound Grant Budgeting
- Build the budget from the activity plan, not from guesswork. Every budget line should correspond to a specific activity in your action plan. Start with your methodology and timeline, list every activity that requires resources, and then assign costs to those activities. This bottom-up approach produces budgets that are both defensible and realistic.
- Include a detailed cost breakdown for every major item. Reviewers are not content with “Platform Development – KES 100,000.” They want to see what that cost comprises: backend development (KES 40,000), frontend development (KES 30,000), database setup (KES 20,000), security implementation (KES 10,000). Disaggregation demonstrates that you have genuinely planned the work, not inflated a round number to fill a budget ceiling.
- Keep travel costs within funder guidelines — and justify them precisely. Many funders, including Kenyan university internal grant schemes, cap travel costs at around 10% of total budget. Exceeding this threshold without exceptional justification is a mark against the proposal. Where travel is necessary, specify the destinations, the purpose of each visit, the mode of transport, and the estimated cost per trip.
- Include a contingency — but keep it modest and justified. A contingency of 5–10% of total budget is standard practice and demonstrates financial prudence. But it must be stated as a contingency, not buried in other line items. Some funders cap contingency amounts, so check the guidelines before you include it.
- Avoid budget lines for items explicitly prohibited by the funder. Read the funder’s guidelines carefully. Most internal university grants prohibit funding for equipment that the institution already provides (computers in university labs, for instance), foreign travel without senior approval, or personal emoluments for the principal investigator. Submitting a budget that includes prohibited items is grounds for immediate disqualification at some institutions.
- Demonstrate value for money. Funders — particularly those working in resource-constrained African research environments — respond positively to proposals that show cost optimisation: using open-source tools, leveraging existing institutional infrastructure, utilising local expertise, and phasing expenditure so that the highest-cost activities are contingent on achieving earlier milestones.
The budget justification section: Many researchers underestimate the importance of the budget narrative — the section where you explain, line by line, what each budget item is for, why it is needed, and how the cost was calculated. This is not a summary of your budget table. It is the analytical argument for why each expenditure is necessary for the research to succeed. Treat it with the same care as your problem statement.
🌍 Kenyan Research Context
Internal university research grants in Kenya typically operate at relatively modest funding levels — the Kisii University Internal Research Grant format, for instance, supports projects in the range of KES 250,000. This constraint requires researchers to think strategically about prioritisation: what is the minimum viable scope of work that will produce publishable findings and demonstrate the feasibility of a larger follow-on study? Framing your internal grant as a proof-of-concept that positions you for regional or international funding at the next stage is a narrative that resonates with domestic university grant panels.
7. The African Funding Landscape: Opportunities and Challenges for Kenyan Researchers
The research funding environment in Africa is more dynamic in 2025–2026 than at any previous point in the continent’s academic history — but it is also more competitive, more structurally complex, and more fraught with institutional barriers than the global literature typically acknowledges. Postgraduate researchers and early-career faculty in Kenya need to navigate this landscape with clear eyes.
Opportunity
Growing Regional Funding Infrastructure
Regional research funding bodies, including the Science Granting Councils Initiative (SGCI) in Africa, the Africa Research Excellence Fund (AREF), and bilateral programmes between Kenyan institutions and international universities, are expanding. The AREF Essential Grant-Writing Skills Programme, specifically designed for early-career African health researchers, focuses on equipping participants with practical grant-writing expertise and proposal development strategies that improve funding success rates. Researchers who invest in formal grant-writing training now are positioned to compete in a rapidly maturing funding environment.
Challenge
Structural Disadvantage in Global Competition
African researchers competing for international grants face structural disadvantages that are rarely acknowledged in generic grant-writing guides: lower institutional track records of prior grant success (which funders use as a proxy for capacity), limited access to mentorship networks in well-funded research environments, and the challenge of contextualising research on African topics for review panels whose expertise is predominantly based in the Global North. Proposals that explicitly position their African contextual knowledge as a competitive advantage — rather than apologising for departing from Western research settings — tend to perform better in panel review.
Challenge
Limited Institutional Grant-Writing Support
Studies examining the research funding landscape in Sub-Saharan Africa consistently identify limited access to structured grant-writing mentorship and proposal development training as one of the primary barriers to successful funding applications. Many talented researchers possess excellent scientific ideas but lack the proposal-writing skills to communicate them competitively. This is a skills gap, not a knowledge gap — and it is entirely correctable with the right support and deliberate practice.
Opportunity
Internal University Grants as a Career Foundation
Internal research grants — like those offered by Kenyan public and private universities — serve a dual purpose: they fund specific research projects, and they build the track record that larger funders require. A researcher who has successfully executed an internal grant, published from it, and presented the findings at a national conference is a fundamentally different proposition to an external funder than one who has not. Treating internal grants as the first rung of a funding career ladder, rather than as standalone events, changes both how you write the proposal and how you manage the research once funded.
8. The Mistakes That Get Proposals Rejected — and How to Avoid Them
Over 50 years of grant-writing research and training, institutional bodies like The Grantsmanship Center have observed that most proposals fail for predictable, correctable reasons. The same patterns appear with striking regularity across academic, NGO, and government research funding systems. Understanding them is the first step to avoiding them.
✅ What Funded Proposals Do
- Align every section to the funder’s stated priorities and evaluation criteria
- Open with a problem statement that is immediately compelling and data-grounded
- Show complete alignment between objectives, methodology, instruments, and expected outputs
- Use clear, accessible language — not jargon — to explain even technical concepts
- Present a budget that is realistic, disaggregated, and thoroughly justified
- Include a realistic, phased timeline with named deliverables at each milestone
- Demonstrate team capacity through CVs, prior publications, and relevant experience
- Address ethical considerations specifically and substantively, not generically
- Connect research outcomes to real-world policy, community, or development impacts
- Submit on time with all required attachments properly formatted
❌ What Rejected Proposals Do
- Ignore the funder’s guidelines or submit to a funder whose priorities don’t match the research
- Use vague, topic-level problem statements without data or a clearly identified gap
- Present objectives that have no corresponding methodology, instruments, or analysis
- Write in dense, discipline-specific jargon that alienates reviewers outside the field
- Submit a budget with round numbers and no explanatory justification
- Include a timeline that is either impossibly compressed or implausibly vague
- Present a team without demonstrating relevant expertise or prior research output
- Copy-paste generic ethics statements that do not relate to this specific study population
- Describe expected outputs without linking them clearly to stated objectives
- Miss the submission deadline or omit required supporting documentation
The single most avoidable rejection reason: Across multiple analyses of grant rejection patterns, the most common cause of preventable failure is failure to follow the funder’s guidelines. Page limits, font requirements, section headings, word counts, required attachments, and formatting specifications are not bureaucratic obstacles — they are tests of whether you can follow instructions. A proposal that cannot follow the submission guidelines raises legitimate questions about whether the research team can follow an approved workplan.
9. The Pre-Submission Checklist
Before submitting any grant proposal — whether to your university’s internal research office, a national research council, or an international funder — use this checklist to confirm that your document is complete, coherent, and competitive.
- Have you read the funder’s call for proposals in full, and does your research topic genuinely fit their stated priorities? Misalignment between your research and the funder’s mission is the fastest path to rejection.
- Is your problem statement grounded in specific, sourced data — and does it clearly identify a gap that your research will address? Reviewers must be convinced the problem is real before they evaluate your solution.
- Do your objectives use specific action verbs, and does each objective correspond directly to a methodology component, a data collection instrument, and an expected output?
- Is your theoretical framework named, explained, and demonstrably applied to your research objectives — not just cited as background reading?
- Does your methodology specify your research design, target population, sample size and selection method, data collection instruments, and analysis approach — with justification for each choice?
- Does your action plan include specific phases, realistic timelines, named deliverables, and a team assignment for each major activity?
- Is every budget line disaggregated into specific cost components, linked to a named activity in your methodology, and justified in your budget narrative?
- Does your proposal comply fully with all funder formatting requirements — page limits, font, section headings, referencing style, and required attachments?
- Have you included an ethics section that specifically addresses your study population, your data protection approach, your consent process, and any applicable institutional ethics approval?
- Have you had your proposal reviewed by at least one other person — a supervisor, colleague, or professional research support service — before submitting? Most successful grant writers treat external review as non-negotiable.
10. How Tobit Research Consulting Can Help
Writing a competitive grant proposal is a learnable skill — but it takes time, mentorship, and deliberate practice to develop. The researchers who consistently secure funding are not simply those with the best ideas. They are those who have learned to communicate their ideas persuasively, structure their proposals compellingly, and align their work with what funders are looking for. At Tobit Research Consulting, we provide exactly that support for Masters students, PhD candidates, postdoctoral researchers, and academic faculty across Kenya.
We do not write proposals on behalf of researchers. What we do is work alongside you to develop the skills, structure, and content that make your own research proposal competitive — so that the document you submit genuinely represents your scholarly work and can be defended in any review panel or funding interview.
Expert Grant Proposal Support for Kenyan and African Researchers
Tobit Research Consulting provides structured, integrity-focused support at every stage of the proposal development process. Our services include:
- Grant proposal structure development and section-by-section review
- Problem statement and background writing and editing
- Theoretical framework selection, development, and application
- Objectives, research questions, and hypothesis formulation
- Research design, sampling, and methodology chapter development
- Budget building, cost breakdown, and budget justification writing
- Action plan and timeline development for funded projects
- Ethics section and research ethics approval documentation support
- SPSS, Stata, EViews, R, and NVivo data analysis support for ongoing funded projects
- Full dissertation, thesis, and journal article preparation and editing
- APA, Harvard, Chicago, and Vancouver referencing support
- Turnitin similarity checking and academic writing quality review
Whether you are preparing your first internal university grant, submitting to a national research council, or positioning your research for international funding, we are here to help you develop a proposal that represents your best scholarly work — and gives your research the best possible chance of being funded.
Book a Free Consultation →
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This guide is part of Tobit Research Consulting’s Research Funding and Proposal Development Series. Key sources informing this guide include: grant statistics and best practice analysis from Instrumentl (2025), The Grantsmanship Center (2026), and fundsforNGOs (2025); rejection pattern analysis from SUNY Geneseo’s Sponsored Research Office and grantedai.com (FY2025 NSF data); the AREF Essential Grant-Writing Skills Programme framework (2026); the SGCI Africa Ask the Expert series featuring Dr. JPR Ochieng Odero (April 2025); the Leaders of Africa Institute Grant Writing and Funding Programme (2026); grant budgeting guidance from Urban Institute research and Gov.Deal (2025); and the FPD Research Grant Proposal Writing Short Course framework for African researchers. For Kenyan context, the guide draws on publicly available documentation from the Kisii University Internal Research Grant scheme, KIPPRA (2020), and the Kenya National Treasury SME Credit Guarantee Scheme documentation.
